ERROR: Static .bss section extends past 0x3FFE0000. IDF cannot boot.

[davdav]

Hi everybody,

I'm porting a "quite big" project to esp32. I'm including step by step the .c file in the new project. At a point I got from the linker

Code: Select all

LD build/esp32_avior.elf
c:/msys32/opt/xtensa-esp32-elf/bin/../lib/gcc/xtensa-esp32-elf/5.2.0/../../../../xtensa-esp32-elf/bin/ld.exe: C:/es                                               p/esp32_avior/build/esp32_avior.elf section `.dram0.bss' will not fit in region `dram0_0_seg'
c:/msys32/opt/xtensa-esp32-elf/bin/../lib/gcc/xtensa-esp32-elf/5.2.0/../../../../xtensa-esp32-elf/bin/ld.exe: regio                                               n `dram0_0_seg' overflowed by 9088 bytes
collect2.exe: error: ld returned 1 exit status

I checked on forum that could be a problem of unitialized variables, so I put some initizialitation to some big array (for example I have variable "char foo[100];" and i modified as "char foo[100]= {0};").
Doing this the linker doesn't complain anymore and the .bin file is created successfully.

However, when esp32 start it cannot boot (see title of the post).

Code: Select all

I (10) boot: ESP-IDF v3.0-dev-1363-gaf63ca15-dirty 2nd stage bootloader
I (10) boot: compile time 15:06:24
I (10) boot: Enabling RNG early entropy source...
I (12) boot: SPI Speed      : 40MHz
I (16) boot: SPI Mode       : DIO
I (19) boot: SPI Flash Size : 4MB
I (22) boot: Partition Table:
I (24) boot: ## Label            Usage          Type ST Offset   Length
I (31) boot:  0 nvs              WiFi data        01 02 00009000 00004000
I (37) boot:  1 otadata          OTA data         01 00 0000d000 00002000
I (44) boot:  2 factory          factory app      00 00 00010000 0007d000
I (50) boot:  3 ota_0            OTA app          00 10 00090000 0007d000
I (57) boot:  4 ota_1            OTA app          00 11 00110000 0007d000
I (63) boot:  5 storage          Unknown data     01 82 0018d000 000f0000
I (70) boot: End of partition table
I (73) boot: Defaulting to factory image
I (77) esp_image: segment 0: paddr=0x00010020 vaddr=0x3f400020 size=0x0c26c ( 49772) map
I (102) esp_image: segment 1: paddr=0x0001c294 vaddr=0x3ffb0000 size=0x02270 (  8816) load
I (106) esp_image: segment 2: paddr=0x0001e50c vaddr=0x40080000 size=0x00400 (  1024) load
I (107) esp_image: segment 3: paddr=0x0001e914 vaddr=0x40080400 size=0x016fc (  5884) load
I (117) esp_image: segment 4: paddr=0x00020018 vaddr=0x400d0018 size=0x2c798 (182168) map
I (186) esp_image: segment 5: paddr=0x0004c7b8 vaddr=0x40081afc size=0x077f8 ( 30712) load
I (199) esp_image: segment 6: paddr=0x00053fb8 vaddr=0x400c0000 size=0x00000 (     0) load
I (205) boot: Loaded app from partition at offset 0x10000
I (205) boot: Disabling RNG early entropy source...
ERROR: Static .bss section extends past 0x3FFE0000. IDF cannot boot.
abort() was called at PC 0x40080fed on core 0

Backtrace: 0x400877d0:0x3ffe3be0 0x4008789b:0x3ffe3c00 0x40080fed:0x3ffe3c20 0x40078ce6:0x3ffe3c40 0x40078d99:0x3ffe3c70 0x4007900a:0x3ffe3cb0 0x40079152:0x3ffe3e70 0x40007c31:0x3ffe3eb0 0x4000073d:0x3ffe3f20

Entering gdb stub now.
$T0b#e6

My question is: what is the maximum .bss section size and how much is the RAM available of the device?

Thank you.

[loboris]

You can run make size to get total, used and free sizes of your application.
For more detailed report run make size-components or make size-files

[davdav]

Thank you @Loboris,

Your hint helped me to figure out what files consume the RAM memory.

Just a lateral question: is there a way to know how much RAM is used by a task in order to tailoring its stack when I create it (using xTaskCreate)? Having a tool or command which can give this information, I don't "waste" memory.

Thanks

[WiFive]

https://github.com/espressif/esp-idf/bl ... 1279-L1298

[davdav]

Thank you WiFive for reply.

I need to disturb again because I still do not understand what is going on. This is the result from "make size-files"

Code: Select all

Total sizes:
 DRAM .data size:    8816 bytes
 DRAM .bss  size:  264776 bytes
Used static DRAM:  273592 bytes (  54088 available, 83.5% used)
Used static IRAM:   37440 bytes (  93632 available, 28.6% used)
      Flash code:  173108 bytes
    Flash rodata:   46924 bytes
Total image size:~ 266288 bytes (.bin may be padded larger)
Per-file contributions to ELF file:
             Object File DRAM .data & .bss   IRAM Flash code & rodata   Total
libapp_update.a
           esp_ota_ops.o          0      4      0        484      767    1255
libbootloader_support.a
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      esp_image_format.o          0      0      0          0        0       0
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          lib_a-assert.o          0      0      0         68       60     128
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    tlsv1_client_write.o          0      0      0          0        0       0
          tlsv1_common.o          0      0      0          0        0       0
            tlsv1_cred.o          0      0      0          0        0       0
          tlsv1_record.o          0      0      0          0        0       0
                x509v3.o          0      0      0          0        0       0
libwpa_supplicant.a
   crypto_internal-rsa.o          0      0      0          0        0       0
       crypto_internal.o          0      0      0          0        0       0
          des-internal.o          0      0      0          0        0       0
             dh_group5.o          0      0      0          0        0       0
             dh_groups.o          0      0      0          0        0       0
          md4-internal.o          0      0      0          0        0       0
          md5-internal.o          0      0      0          0        0       0
                   md5.o          0      0      0          0        0       0
              ms_funcs.o          0      0      0          0        0       0
             os_xtensa.o          0      0      0          0        0       0
                   rc4.o          0      0      0          0        0       0
         sha1-internal.o          0      0      0          0        0       0
           sha1-pbkdf2.o          0      0      0          0        0       0
                  sha1.o          0      0      0          0        0       0
libwps.a
            eap_common.o          0      0      0          0        0       0
                  uuid.o          0      0      0          0        0       0
                   wps.o          0      0      0          0        0       0
        wps_attr_build.o          0      0      0          0        0       0
        wps_attr_parse.o          0      0      0          0        0       0
      wps_attr_process.o          0      0      0          0        0       0
            wps_common.o          0      0      0          0        0       0
          wps_dev_attr.o          0      0      0          0        0       0
          wps_enrollee.o          0      0      0          0        0       0
         wps_registrar.o          0      0      0          0        0       0
          wps_validate.o          0      0      0          0        0       0

As you can see the total RAM seems below its maximum limit. DRAM is 83.5% used and IRAM is 28.6%.

However, if I execute the code, it stop again with error

Code: Select all

ERROR: Static .bss section extends past 0x3FFE0000. IDF cannot boot.
abort() was called at PC 0x40080fe9 on core 0

For sure I miss some information. I wonder why compiler&linker works while the module can't execute the program..

Thanks in advance for help.

[WiFive]

https://github.com/espressif/esp-idf/bl ... art.c#L139

[davdav]

OK WiFive. Does it means that .bss is limited to 192KB?

[WiFive]

Yes at this time

[ESP_Angus]

.bss+.data is limited to 192KB at the moment. I'm working on the fix for this right now, it is planned for IDF v3.1.

It would be better if we caught it at linker time and failed the build, but at the time I put that check in I assumed this would be a quicker fix. :/

In the meantime, anything you can move from statically allocated to heap allocated will ease up on this. ie if you have

Code: Select all

uint8_t my_big_array[65536]

and you can change it to:

Code: Select all

uint8_t *my_big_array;

void app_main() {
   my_big_array = calloc(1, 65536);
   ...
}

Then this moves it from statically allocated to heap allocated (even if the data is never freed), and you'll find IDF can boot again.

Similarly, if there's any static data you can mark as "const" this will move it from static RAM to flash, which also shrinks .data.


Angus

[davdav]

OK Angus, thank you. I will look forward for v3.1. Thanks