ESP32 Forum

Hi,
How can I find where in the source program is the line that generates the error?

CORRUPT HEAP: Bad tail at 0x3ffb8695. Expected 0xbaad5678 got 0xbaad560d
abort() was called at PC 0x400832fd on core 1
Backtrace: 0x40084e80:0x3ffb1af0 ...
Rebooting...

It depends. In esp-idf, it's easiest to use 'idf.py monitor' as your terminal program, as it automagically decodes those addresses. In Arduino, your best bet is EspExceptionDecoder.

ESP_Sprite many, many thanks !

Of corse, overflow

len=512;
buf = (char *)malloc(len);
..
buf[len]=0x00; <--
...
free(buf); <-- that is the line reported by tools EspExceptionDecoder (interesting).

Nice that you found it. buf[len]=0 doesn't give an error as there still is valid memory one byte past the end of the array, and C doesn't do runtime bound checks, so it happily will write there. However, one byte past the bounds check is a magic word used by the memory allocator, and the write corrupts this word. free() will check this word, note it's corrupted and abort.

Hi.

I've used this code to join in the helium LoRaWAN. I ended up with the following error. I am not sure what to do.

ELF file SHA256: 0000000000000000

Rebooting...
ESP32 MCU init...

abort() was called at PC 0x4008258e on core 1


Backtrace:0x40083ca9:0x3ffb26600x400891bd:0x3ffb2680 0x4008dfa1:0x3ffb26a0 0x4008258e:0x3ffb2720 0x40082b64:0x3ffb2770 0x400d4c28:0x3ffb2790 0x400d53b9:0x3ffb27b0 0x400d1869:0x3ffb27f0 0x400db332:0x3ffb2820




ELF file SHA256: 0000000000000000

Rebooting...
ESP32 MCU init...

abort() was called at PC 0x4008258e on core 1


/*
* HelTec Automation(TM) LoRaWAN 1.0.2 OTAA example use OTAA, CLASS A
*
* Function summary:
*
* - use internal RTC(150KHz);
*
* - Include stop mode and deep sleep mode;
*
* - 15S data send cycle;
*
* - Informations output via serial(115200);
*
* - Only ESP32 + LoRa series boards can use this library, need a license
* to make the code run(check you license here: http://www.heltec.cn/search/);
*
* You can change some definition in "Commissioning.h" and "LoRaMac-definitions.h"
*
* HelTec AutoMation, Chengdu, China.
* 成都惠利特自动化科技有限公司
* https://heltec.org
* support@heltec.cn
*
*this project also release in GitHub:
*https://github.com/HelTecAutomation/ESP32_LoRaWAN
*/

#include <ESP32_LoRaWAN.h>
#include "Arduino.h"

/*license for Heltec ESP32 LoRaWan, quary your ChipID relevant license: http://resource.heltec.cn/search */
uint32_t license[4] = {0x9891D573,0x9A5B9C72,0x33524BC4,0xA7121228};

/* OTAA para*/
uint8_t DevEui[] = {------------------------- };
uint8_t AppEui[] = { ----------------------------------------------- };
uint8_t AppKey[] = {----------------------------------------------------------------------- };

/* ABP para*/
uint8_t NwkSKey[] = { 0x15, 0xb1, 0xd0, 0xef, 0xa4, 0x63, 0xdf, 0xbe, 0x3d, 0x11, 0x18, 0x1e, 0x1e, 0xc7, 0xda,0x85 };
uint8_t AppSKey[] = { 0xd7, 0x2c, 0x78, 0x75, 0x8c, 0xdc, 0xca, 0xbf, 0x55, 0xee, 0x4a, 0x77, 0x8d, 0x16, 0xef,0x67 };
uint32_t DevAddr = ( uint32_t )0x007e6ae1;

/*LoraWan channelsmask, default channels 0-7*/
uint16_t userChannelsMask[6]={ 0x00FF,0x0000,0x0000,0x0000,0x0000,0x0000 };

/*LoraWan Class, Class A and Class C are supported*/
DeviceClass_t loraWanClass = CLASS_A;

/*the application data transmission duty cycle. value in [ms].*/
uint32_t appTxDutyCycle = 15000;

/*OTAA or ABP*/
bool overTheAirActivation = true;

/*ADR enable*/
bool loraWanAdr = true;

/* Indicates if the node is sending confirmed or unconfirmed messages */
bool isTxConfirmed = true;

/* Application port */
uint8_t appPort = 2;

/*!
* Number of trials to transmit the frame, if the LoRaMAC layer did not
* receive an acknowledgment. The MAC performs a datarate adaptation,
* according to the LoRaWAN Specification V1.0.2, chapter 18.4, according
* to the following table:
*
* Transmission nb | Data Rate
* ----------------|-----------
* 1 (first) | DR
* 2 | DR
* 3 | max(DR-1,0)
* 4 | max(DR-1,0)
* 5 | max(DR-2,0)
* 6 | max(DR-2,0)
* 7 | max(DR-3,0)
* 8 | max(DR-3,0)
*
* Note, that if NbTrials is set to 1 or 2, the MAC will not decrease
* the datarate, in case the LoRaMAC layer did not receive an acknowledgment
*/
uint8_t confirmedNbTrials = 8;

/*LoraWan debug level, select in arduino IDE tools.
* None : print basic info.
* Freq : print Tx and Rx freq, DR info.
* Freq && DIO : print Tx and Rx freq, DR, DIO0 interrupt and DIO1 interrupt info.
* Freq && DIO && PW: print Tx and Rx freq, DR, DIO0 interrupt, DIO1 interrupt and MCU deepsleep info.
*/
uint8_t debugLevel = LoRaWAN_DEBUG_LEVEL;

/*LoraWan region, select in arduino IDE tools*/
LoRaMacRegion_t loraWanRegion = ACTIVE_REGION;

static void prepareTxFrame( uint8_t port )
{
appDataSize = 4;//AppDataSize max value is 64 ( src/Commissioning.h -> 128 )
appData[0] = 0x00;
appData[1] = 0x01;
appData[2] = 0x02;
appData[3] = 0x03;
}

// Add your initialization code here
void setup()
{
Serial.begin(115200);
while (!Serial);
SPI.begin(SCK,MISO,MOSI,SS);
Mcu.init(SS,RST_LoRa,DIO0,DIO1,license);
deviceState = DEVICE_STATE_INIT;
}

// The loop function is called in an endless loop
void loop()
{
switch( deviceState )
{
case DEVICE_STATE_INIT:
{
#if(LORAWAN_DEVEUI_AUTO)
LoRaWAN.generateDeveuiByChipID();
#endif
LoRaWAN.init(loraWanClass,loraWanRegion);
break;
}
case DEVICE_STATE_JOIN:
{
LoRaWAN.join();
break;
}
case DEVICE_STATE_SEND:
{
prepareTxFrame( appPort );
LoRaWAN.send(loraWanClass);
deviceState = DEVICE_STATE_CYCLE;
break;
}
case DEVICE_STATE_CYCLE:
{
// Schedule next packet transmission
txDutyCycleTime = appTxDutyCycle + randr( -APP_TX_DUTYCYCLE_RND, APP_TX_DUTYCYCLE_RND );
LoRaWAN.cycle(txDutyCycleTime);
deviceState = DEVICE_STATE_SLEEP;
break;
}
case DEVICE_STATE_SLEEP:
{
LoRaWAN.sleep(loraWanClass,debugLevel);
break;
}
default:
{
deviceState = DEVICE_STATE_INIT;
break;
}
}
}

Hi, i am using o heltec stick lite with the ESP32_LoRaWAN library on PlatiformIO, but my code is crashing. The message returned is this:

abort() was called at PC 0x40082132 on core 1

I tried to use the EspExceptionDecoder, but the line that is crashing is at MCU.init, when i try to access the code i only get the .h code and not the .cpp code. When i use the same library and same board at the Arduino IDE everything run fine...

Any one has some idea what is hapaning???